There are currently 63 recognized species in the Rineloricaria genus belonging to the Loricariidae family as listed below:

• Rineloricaria aequalicuspis R. E. dos Reis & A. R. Cardoso, 2001

• Rineloricaria altipinnis (Breder, 1925)

• Rineloricaria anhanguapitan Ghazzi, 2008

• Rineloricaria anitae Ghazzi, 2008

• Rineloricaria aurata (Knaack, 2003)

• Rineloricaria baliola M. S. Rodriguez & R. E. dos Reis, 2008

• Rineloricaria beni (N. E. Pearson, 1924)

• Rineloricaria cacerensis (A. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1912)

• Rineloricaria cadeae (R. F. Hensel, 1868)

• Rineloricaria capitonia Ghazzi, 2008

• Rineloricaria caracasensis (Bleeker, 1862)

• Rineloricaria castroi Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1984

• Rineloricaria catamarcensis (C. Berg (es), 1895)

• Rineloricaria cubataonis (Steindachner, 1907)

• Rineloricaria daraha Rapp Py-Daniel & Fichberg, 2008[2]

• Rineloricaria eigenmanni (Pellegrin, 1908)

• Rineloricaria fallax (Steindachner, 1915)

• Rineloricaria felipponei (Fowler, 1943)

• Rineloricaria formosa Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979

• Rineloricaria hasemani Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979

• Rineloricaria henselii (Steindachner, 1907)

• Rineloricaria heteroptera Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1976

• Rineloricaria hoehnei (A. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1912)

• Rineloricaria isaaci M. S. Rodriguez & Miquelarena, 2008[4]

• Rineloricaria jaraguensis (Steindachner, 1909)

• Rineloricaria jubata (Boulenger, 1902)

• Rineloricaria konopickyi (Steindachner, 1879)

• Rineloricaria kronei (A. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1911)

• Rineloricaria lanceolata (Günther, 1868) (Chocolate-colored catfish)

• Rineloricaria langei Ingenito, Ghazzi, Duboc & Abilhoa, 2008[5]

• Rineloricaria latirostris (Boulenger, 1900)

• Rineloricaria lima (Kner, 1853)

• Rineloricaria longicauda R. E. dos Reis, 1983

• Rineloricaria maacki Ingenito, Ghazzi, Duboc & Abilhoa, 2008[5]

• Rineloricaria magdalenae (Steindachner, 1879)

• Rineloricaria malabarbai M. S. Rodriguez & R. E. dos Reis, 2008

• Rineloricaria maquinensis R. E. dos Reis & A. R. Cardoso, 2001

• Rineloricaria melini (O. Schindler, 1959)

• Rineloricaria microlepidogaster (Regan, 1904)

• Rineloricaria microlepidota (Steindachner, 1907)

• Rineloricaria misionera M. S. Rodriguez & Miquelarena, 2005

• Rineloricaria morrowi Fowler, 1940

• Rineloricaria nigricauda (Regan, 1904)

• Rineloricaria osvaldoi Fichberg & Chamon, 2008[6]

• Rineloricaria pareiacantha (Fowler, 1943)

• Rineloricaria parva (Boulenger, 1895)

• Rineloricaria pentamaculata Langeani & R. B. de Araujo, 1994

• Rineloricaria phoxocephala (C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1889)

• Rineloricaria platyura (J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1849)

• Rineloricaria quadrensis R. E. dos Reis, 1983

• Rineloricaria reisi Ghazzi, 2008

• Rineloricaria sanga Ghazzi, 2008

• Rineloricaria setepovos Ghazzi, 2008

• Rineloricaria sneiderni (Fowler, 1944)

• Rineloricaria steindachneri (Regan, 1904)

• Rineloricaria stellata Ghazzi, 2008

• Rineloricaria stewarti (C. H. Eigenmann, 1909)

• Rineloricaria strigilata (R. F. Hensel, 1868)

• Rineloricaria teffeana (Steindachner, 1879)

• Rineloricaria thrissoceps (Fowler, 1943)

• Rineloricaria tropeira Ghazzi, 2008

• Rineloricaria wolfei Fowler, 1940

• Rineloricaria zaina Ghazzi, 2008